The basic rules of pronunciation the russian letters are given in one of the fisrt my post - The Russian alphabet.
Now I want to give you some advices how to pronounce soft and hard consonants.
When consonants are hard?
NB! There are 3 consonants in the Russian alphabet (г, к, х) which are softened only before soft vowels е or и. Examples: геолог, гирлянда, Керчь, кит, херувим, хилый.
How to pronounce hard and soft sounds?
When you pronounce soft sounds, the middle part of the tongue rises and touches the palate. There is only the small duct between the tongue and the palate. When you pronounce hard sounds, this duct through which air goes is bigger. Compare with English words: leader - like, do - during, mean - miss.
Do you want to know about russian pronunciations? Just choose the category alphabet.
Now I want to give you some advices how to pronounce soft and hard consonants.
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There are 20 consonants · 3 always soft: й, ч, щ; · 3 always hard: ж, ш, ц; · 14 could be hard or soft: б, в, г, д, з, к, л, м, н, п, р, с, т, ф, х. |
When consonants are hard?
| before a hard vowel: а, о, у, ы, э | баржа, рот, пуля, пытка, мэр |
| before a hard consonant: б, в, г, ж, ш, ц etc | брод, пламя, окно, хвост |
| at the end of a word | стук, диван, кот, утюг, парад |
When consonants are soft?
| before a soft vowel: е, ё, и, ю, я | мелочь, клён, кино, люстра, Рязань |
| before a soft sign: ь | пень, маленький, калька |
| before a soft consonant: б', в', м', н' etc | влюбиться, прятки, плётка |
NB! There are 3 consonants in the Russian alphabet (г, к, х) which are softened only before soft vowels е or и. Examples: геолог, гирлянда, Керчь, кит, херувим, хилый.
How to pronounce hard and soft sounds?
When you pronounce soft sounds, the middle part of the tongue rises and touches the palate. There is only the small duct between the tongue and the palate. When you pronounce hard sounds, this duct through which air goes is bigger. Compare with English words: leader - like, do - during, mean - miss.
Do you want to know about russian pronunciations? Just choose the category alphabet.
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